利用差的平方公式因式分解下列各式
(1) (X+1)2-2(X+1)+1
(2) (X-1)2-4(X-1)+4
(3) X2-6X(y-2)+9(y-2)2
(4) (a+b)2-10(a+b)+25
(5) (2X+1)2-2(2X+1)(X-3)+(X-3)2
(6) (X+1)2-8(X+1)(X-2)+16(X-2)2
(7) X2-2X+1-7Xy+7y
(8) X2-6X+9-4y2
详解:
(1) (X+1)2-2(X+1)+1
=(X+1)2-2×(X+1)×1+12
= [(X+1)-1]2 (利用差的平方公式)
= X2
(2) (X-1)2-4(X-1)+ 4
= (X-1)2-2×(X-1)×2+22
= [(X-1)-2]2 (利用差的平方公式)
= (X-3)2
(3) X2-6X(y-2)+9(y-2)2
= X2-2×X×3(y-2)+[3(y-2)]2
= [X-3(y-2)]2 (利用差的平方公式)
= (X-3y+6)2
(4) (a+b)2-10(a+b)+25
= (a+b)2-2×(a+b)×5+52
= [(a+b)-5]2 (利用差的平方公式)
= (a+b-5)2
(5) (2X+1)2-2(2X+1)(X-3)+(X-3)2
= (2X+1)2-2×(2X+1)×(X-3)+(X-3)2
= [(2X+1)-(X-3)]2 (利用差的平方公式)
= [2X+1-X+3]2
= (X+4)2
(6) (X+1)2-8(X+1)(X-2)+16(X-2)2
= (X+1)2-2×(X+1)×4(X-2)2+[4(X-2)]2
= [(X+1)-4(X-2)]2 (利用差的平方公式)
= [X+1-4X+8]2
= (-3X+9)2
(7) X2-2X+1-7Xy +7y
= (X2-2X+1)-(7Xy-7y) (分组)
= (X-1)2-(7Xy-7y) (第一组利用差的平方公式)
=(X-1)2-7y(X-1) (第二组提出 7y)
= (X-1)[(X-1)-7y] (提出X-1)
= (X-1)(X-7y-1)
(8) X2-6X+9-4y2
= (X2-6X+9)-(2y)2 (分组)
= (X-3)2-(2y)2 (利用差的平方公式)
= [(X-3)+2y][(X-3)-2y] (利用平方差公式)
= (X+2y-3)(X-2y-3)
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